Verify JDK downloads with vendor checksums (#1167)

* Verify JDK downloads with vendor checksums

Co-authored-by: Copilot App <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

Copilot-Session: a800a031-600e-4d28-b23e-be309555d38d

* Handle missing vendor checksum values

Co-authored-by: Copilot App <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

Copilot-Session: a800a031-600e-4d28-b23e-be309555d38d

* Preserve checksum error during cleanup failure

Co-authored-by: Copilot App <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

Copilot-Session: a800a031-600e-4d28-b23e-be309555d38d

* Validate checksum metadata value types

Co-authored-by: Copilot App <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

Copilot-Session: a800a031-600e-4d28-b23e-be309555d38d

* Clarify checksum documentation

Co-authored-by: Copilot App <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

Copilot-Session: a800a031-600e-4d28-b23e-be309555d38d

* Expand vendor checksum verification

Co-authored-by: Copilot App <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

Copilot-Session: a800a031-600e-4d28-b23e-be309555d38d

* Accept SHA-256 or SHA-512 for JetBrains checksum sibling

JetBrains publishes a single, generically-named ".checksum" sibling
whose digest algorithm isn't disclosed by the filename. Older JBR 11
builds (e.g. jbrsdk_nomod-11_0_16-*-b2043.64.tar.gz) publish a SHA-256
digest there, while newer builds publish SHA-512. The JetBrains
installer previously assumed SHA-512 unconditionally, so verification
failed with "Malformed sha512 checksum metadata ... expected a
128-character hexadecimal digest" for those older builds, breaking the
jetbrains 11 e2e job on macOS and Windows.

fetchChecksum now accepts a list of candidate algorithms and infers
the actual algorithm from the returned digest's length, preferring the
strongest match. The JetBrains installer passes ['sha512', 'sha256'];
all other callers are unaffected since they already pass a single,
vendor-disclosed algorithm.

Co-authored-by: Copilot App <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Copilot-Session: a800a031-600e-4d28-b23e-be309555d38d

* Use SapMachine archive checksum files

Co-authored-by: Copilot App <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

Copilot-Session: a800a031-600e-4d28-b23e-be309555d38d

---------

Co-authored-by: Copilot App <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Copilot-Session: a800a031-600e-4d28-b23e-be309555d38d

.github/workflows/e2e-versions.yml

@@ -125,6 +125,25 @@ jobs:
         run: bash __tests__/verify-java.sh "$JAVA_VERSION" "$JAVA_PATH"
         shell: bash
 
+  setup-java-checksum-verification:
+    name: Corretto checksum verification - ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - *checkout_step
+      - name: setup-java with forced download
+        uses: ./
+        id: setup-java
+        with:
+          java-version: '21'
+          distribution: corretto
+          force-download: true
+      - name: Verify Java
+        env:
+          JAVA_VERSION: '21'
+          JAVA_PATH: ${{ steps.setup-java.outputs.path }}
+        run: bash __tests__/verify-java.sh "$JAVA_VERSION" "$JAVA_PATH"
+        shell: bash
+
   setup-java-alpine-linux:
     name: ${{ matrix.distribution }} ${{ matrix.version }} (jdk-${{ contains(matrix.os, 'macos') && !contains(matrix.os, 'intel') && 'arm64' || 'x64' }}) - alpine-linux - ${{ matrix.os }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}